{"id":1972,"date":"2025-10-30T14:20:28","date_gmt":"2025-10-30T18:20:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/publication\/the-effect-of-limited-outdoor-access-frequencies-on-gait-score-hoof-lesions-and-hoof-surface-temperature-of-non-clinically-lame-cows-housed-in-a-movement-restricted-environment\/"},"modified":"2026-06-16T03:41:27","modified_gmt":"2026-06-16T07:41:27","slug":"the-effect-of-limited-outdoor-access-frequencies-on-gait-score-hoof-lesions-and-hoof-surface-temperature-of-non-clinically-lame-cows-housed-in-a-movement-restricted-environment","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/en\/publication\/the-effect-of-limited-outdoor-access-frequencies-on-gait-score-hoof-lesions-and-hoof-surface-temperature-of-non-clinically-lame-cows-housed-in-a-movement-restricted-environment\/","title":{"rendered":"The effect of limited outdoor access frequencies on gait score, hoof lesions and hoof surface temperature of non-clinically lame cows housed in a movement-restricted environment."},"content":{"rendered":"

Authors:<\/strong> S. Mokhtarnazif and E. Shepley and A. Nejati and G. M. Dallago and E. Vasseur<\/p>\n

Date:<\/strong> 2023-06-01<\/p>\n

Status:<\/strong> Published<\/p>\n

View External Publication<\/a><\/p>\n

\n

Providing outdoor access is beneficial to the welfare of cows housed in restricted movement environments, but its daily implementation is challenging. The study objective was to evaluate the effect of low outdoor access frequency on gait and hoof health of non-clinically lame cows. Thirty-six lactating, tie-stall housed Holstein cows were blocked by parity and days in milk (6 blocks) and provided 1h of outdoor access in 2 treatments (1 d\/wk or 3 d\/wk) for 5 weeks (Nov-Dec 2022). Data were collected before (pre-trial), after (post-trial) and 8 weeks after (follow-up) outdoor provision. We assessed gait score using a 5-point visual scoring system and clinical claw lesion incidence in the trimming chute. For subclinical signs of lesions, the average hoof and claw surface temperatures were measured from the dorsal view of the coronary bands using an infrared thermography camera. Data were analyzed using mixed effect models with block, period, treatment, and the period \u00d7 treatment interaction as fixed effects (\u03b1 < 0.05), and either cow or claw nested within cow as random effect. The ambient and cow\u2019s eye maximum temperature were added as covariates for analyzing thermography data. Average gait scores at pre-trial, post-trial, and follow-up were 2.13 \u00b1 0.55, 1.98 \u00b1 0.61 and 2.02 \u00b1 0.51, respectively. Only non-severe lesions (sole<\/p>","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"class_list":["post-1972","publication","type-publication","status-publish","hentry"],"blocksy_meta":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nThe effect of limited outdoor access frequencies on gait score, hoof lesions and hoof surface temperature of non-clinically lame cows housed in a movement-restricted environment. - WELL-E<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/en\/publication\/the-effect-of-limited-outdoor-access-frequencies-on-gait-score-hoof-lesions-and-hoof-surface-temperature-of-non-clinically-lame-cows-housed-in-a-movement-restricted-environment\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The effect of limited outdoor access frequencies on gait score, hoof lesions and hoof surface temperature of non-clinically lame cows housed in a movement-restricted environment. - WELL-E\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Authors: S. Mokhtarnazif and E. Shepley and A. Nejati and G. M. Dallago and E. Vasseur Date: 2023-06-01 Status: Published View External Publication Providing outdoor access is beneficial to the welfare of cows housed in restricted movement environments, but its daily implementation is challenging. The study objective was to evaluate the effect of low outdoor […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/en\/publication\/the-effect-of-limited-outdoor-access-frequencies-on-gait-score-hoof-lesions-and-hoof-surface-temperature-of-non-clinically-lame-cows-housed-in-a-movement-restricted-environment\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"WELL-E\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-06-16T07:41:27+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/publication\\\/the-effect-of-limited-outdoor-access-frequencies-on-gait-score-hoof-lesions-and-hoof-surface-temperature-of-non-clinically-lame-cows-housed-in-a-movement-restricted-environment\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/publication\\\/the-effect-of-limited-outdoor-access-frequencies-on-gait-score-hoof-lesions-and-hoof-surface-temperature-of-non-clinically-lame-cows-housed-in-a-movement-restricted-environment\\\/\",\"name\":\"The effect of limited outdoor access frequencies on gait score, hoof lesions and hoof surface temperature of non-clinically lame cows housed in a movement-restricted environment. - WELL-E\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-10-30T18:20:28+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-06-16T07:41:27+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/publication\\\/the-effect-of-limited-outdoor-access-frequencies-on-gait-score-hoof-lesions-and-hoof-surface-temperature-of-non-clinically-lame-cows-housed-in-a-movement-restricted-environment\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-CA\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/publication\\\/the-effect-of-limited-outdoor-access-frequencies-on-gait-score-hoof-lesions-and-hoof-surface-temperature-of-non-clinically-lame-cows-housed-in-a-movement-restricted-environment\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/publication\\\/the-effect-of-limited-outdoor-access-frequencies-on-gait-score-hoof-lesions-and-hoof-surface-temperature-of-non-clinically-lame-cows-housed-in-a-movement-restricted-environment\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Publications\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/publication\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"The effect of limited outdoor access frequencies on gait score, hoof lesions and hoof surface temperature of non-clinically lame cows housed in a movement-restricted environment.\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/\",\"name\":\"WELL-E\",\"description\":\"IA au service du bien-être animal\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-CA\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"WELL-E\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-CA\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/05\\\/LOGOTYPETAG_Left_RVB_FR-edited-1-e1718738358443.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/05\\\/LOGOTYPETAG_Left_RVB_FR-edited-1-e1718738358443.png\",\"width\":1000,\"height\":250,\"caption\":\"WELL-E\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.linkedin.com\\\/company\\\/research-and-innovation-chair-in-animal-welfare-and-artificial-intelligence-well-e\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"The effect of limited outdoor access frequencies on gait score, hoof lesions and hoof surface temperature of non-clinically lame cows housed in a movement-restricted environment. - WELL-E","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/en\/publication\/the-effect-of-limited-outdoor-access-frequencies-on-gait-score-hoof-lesions-and-hoof-surface-temperature-of-non-clinically-lame-cows-housed-in-a-movement-restricted-environment\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"The effect of limited outdoor access frequencies on gait score, hoof lesions and hoof surface temperature of non-clinically lame cows housed in a movement-restricted environment. - WELL-E","og_description":"Authors: S. Mokhtarnazif and E. Shepley and A. Nejati and G. M. Dallago and E. Vasseur Date: 2023-06-01 Status: Published View External Publication Providing outdoor access is beneficial to the welfare of cows housed in restricted movement environments, but its daily implementation is challenging. The study objective was to evaluate the effect of low outdoor […]","og_url":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/en\/publication\/the-effect-of-limited-outdoor-access-frequencies-on-gait-score-hoof-lesions-and-hoof-surface-temperature-of-non-clinically-lame-cows-housed-in-a-movement-restricted-environment\/","og_site_name":"WELL-E","article_modified_time":"2026-06-16T07:41:27+00:00","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/publication\/the-effect-of-limited-outdoor-access-frequencies-on-gait-score-hoof-lesions-and-hoof-surface-temperature-of-non-clinically-lame-cows-housed-in-a-movement-restricted-environment\/","url":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/publication\/the-effect-of-limited-outdoor-access-frequencies-on-gait-score-hoof-lesions-and-hoof-surface-temperature-of-non-clinically-lame-cows-housed-in-a-movement-restricted-environment\/","name":"The effect of limited outdoor access frequencies on gait score, hoof lesions and hoof surface temperature of non-clinically lame cows housed in a movement-restricted environment. - WELL-E","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/#website"},"datePublished":"2025-10-30T18:20:28+00:00","dateModified":"2026-06-16T07:41:27+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/publication\/the-effect-of-limited-outdoor-access-frequencies-on-gait-score-hoof-lesions-and-hoof-surface-temperature-of-non-clinically-lame-cows-housed-in-a-movement-restricted-environment\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-CA","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/publication\/the-effect-of-limited-outdoor-access-frequencies-on-gait-score-hoof-lesions-and-hoof-surface-temperature-of-non-clinically-lame-cows-housed-in-a-movement-restricted-environment\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/publication\/the-effect-of-limited-outdoor-access-frequencies-on-gait-score-hoof-lesions-and-hoof-surface-temperature-of-non-clinically-lame-cows-housed-in-a-movement-restricted-environment\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Publications","item":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/publication\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"The effect of limited outdoor access frequencies on gait score, hoof lesions and hoof surface temperature of non-clinically lame cows housed in a movement-restricted environment."}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/#website","url":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/","name":"WELL-E","description":"IA au service du bien-être animal","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-CA"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/#organization","name":"WELL-E","url":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-CA","@id":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/LOGOTYPETAG_Left_RVB_FR-edited-1-e1718738358443.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/LOGOTYPETAG_Left_RVB_FR-edited-1-e1718738358443.png","width":1000,"height":250,"caption":"WELL-E"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/research-and-innovation-chair-in-animal-welfare-and-artificial-intelligence-well-e"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/1972","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/publication"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1972"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}