{"id":2000,"date":"2025-10-30T14:20:30","date_gmt":"2025-10-30T18:20:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/publication\/dont-get-in-their-way-how-outing-conditions-relate-to-the-motivation-of-movement-restricted-cattle-to-access-an-outdoor-exercise-yard\/"},"modified":"2026-05-02T05:41:54","modified_gmt":"2026-05-02T09:41:54","slug":"dont-get-in-their-way-how-outing-conditions-relate-to-the-motivation-of-movement-restricted-cattle-to-access-an-outdoor-exercise-yard","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/en\/publication\/dont-get-in-their-way-how-outing-conditions-relate-to-the-motivation-of-movement-restricted-cattle-to-access-an-outdoor-exercise-yard\/","title":{"rendered":"Don\u2019t get in their way: How outing conditions relate to the motivation of movement-restricted cattle to access an outdoor exercise yard"},"content":{"rendered":"

Authors:<\/strong> N. Aigueperse and V. Boyer and E. Vasseur<\/p>\n

Date:<\/strong> 2022-10-01<\/p>\n

Status:<\/strong> Published<\/p>\n

View External Publication<\/a><\/p>\n

\n

Providing regular outdoor access could represent an enrichment for movement-restricted cows; however, the characteristics of the enrichment is likely to impact their motivation. Thus, our study addressed the question of how the outing experience provided (handling, duration and space) relates to the motivation of cows for an enrichment (here, increasing the opportunity for movement for movement-restricted animals). In a series of 3 trials (analysed independently), sixteen tiestall cows in winter (W) and summer (S), and fi fteen in the fall (F) were provided with daily outdoor access in groups of 2 (W,S) or 3 (F) cows for 8 (W,S) or 5 (F) weeks. Go- out and go-in trips to and from the outdoor paddock were assessed for trip duration, cow locomotor behaviour, and for instances of attempts from cows to resist the handlers or to force their way forward. Differences between the duration of go-out and go-in trips were analysed using t-tests, while cows\u2019 behaviours were analysed through LMr comparisons on PCA scores for each trial, with go-out and go-in as fi xed factors. The same two dimensions were revealed for all three seasons: \u2018Trip Speed\u2019 (duration vs speed, caracoling and running) and \u2018Stops Quality\u2019 (resistance and balking vs free stops). These dimensions accounted for cow reactions to handling. LMr comparisons of cows\u2019 scores on the two dimensions were also tested for outing conditions (time: 1h, 2h; and space provided: 20, 40, 60, 80 m\u00b2). Gaps between the go- out and the go-in trips speed differed between all three seasons. These, as well as the Trip Speed and Stop Quality dimensions scores, yielded three different motivation profi les which corresponded to the three trials: 1) \u201cOutdoor enthusiasts\u201d (Profi le F) had increased travel times during go-ins (possibly indicating a lack of motivation to return indoors) and exhibited caracoling and running behaviors in the alleyway during goouts, potentially expressing positive emotion. 2) \u201cMile a minute\u201d cows (Profi le W) showed similar quick travel speeds on go-outs and go-ins; 3) \u201cThwarted motivation\u201d cows (Profi le S) had longer go-out trips and expressed frustration through negative interactions with humans, which resulted in resistance and forced stops, to the point they were becoming dangerous to handle. Our results also showed greater speed on go-ins after 2h than after 1h, and more negative interactions with handlers with the smallest paddock. We concluded that the cows\u2019 experience led to different motivation profi les, and that outing conditions impact motivation for enrichment, and therefore its effectiveness.<\/p>","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_crdt_document":""},"class_list":["post-2000","publication","type-publication","status-publish","hentry"],"blocksy_meta":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nDon\u2019t get in their way: How outing conditions relate to the motivation of movement-restricted cattle to access an outdoor exercise yard - WELL-E<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/en\/publication\/dont-get-in-their-way-how-outing-conditions-relate-to-the-motivation-of-movement-restricted-cattle-to-access-an-outdoor-exercise-yard\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Don\u2019t get in their way: How outing conditions relate to the motivation of movement-restricted cattle to access an outdoor exercise yard - WELL-E\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Authors: N. Aigueperse and V. Boyer and E. Vasseur Date: 2022-10-01 Status: Published View External Publication Providing regular outdoor access could represent an enrichment for movement-restricted cows; however, the characteristics of the enrichment is likely to impact their motivation. Thus, our study addressed the question of how the outing experience provided (handling, duration and space) […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/en\/publication\/dont-get-in-their-way-how-outing-conditions-relate-to-the-motivation-of-movement-restricted-cattle-to-access-an-outdoor-exercise-yard\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"WELL-E\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-05-02T09:41:54+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/publication\\\/dont-get-in-their-way-how-outing-conditions-relate-to-the-motivation-of-movement-restricted-cattle-to-access-an-outdoor-exercise-yard\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/publication\\\/dont-get-in-their-way-how-outing-conditions-relate-to-the-motivation-of-movement-restricted-cattle-to-access-an-outdoor-exercise-yard\\\/\",\"name\":\"Don\u2019t get in their way: How outing conditions relate to the motivation of movement-restricted cattle to access an outdoor exercise yard - WELL-E\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-10-30T18:20:30+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-05-02T09:41:54+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/publication\\\/dont-get-in-their-way-how-outing-conditions-relate-to-the-motivation-of-movement-restricted-cattle-to-access-an-outdoor-exercise-yard\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-CA\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/publication\\\/dont-get-in-their-way-how-outing-conditions-relate-to-the-motivation-of-movement-restricted-cattle-to-access-an-outdoor-exercise-yard\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/publication\\\/dont-get-in-their-way-how-outing-conditions-relate-to-the-motivation-of-movement-restricted-cattle-to-access-an-outdoor-exercise-yard\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Publications\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/publication\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Don\u2019t get in their way: How outing conditions relate to the motivation of movement-restricted cattle to access an outdoor exercise yard\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/\",\"name\":\"WELL-E\",\"description\":\"IA au service du bien-être animal\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-CA\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"WELL-E\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-CA\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/05\\\/LOGOTYPETAG_Left_RVB_FR-edited-1-e1718738358443.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/05\\\/LOGOTYPETAG_Left_RVB_FR-edited-1-e1718738358443.png\",\"width\":1000,\"height\":250,\"caption\":\"WELL-E\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wp.well-e.org\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.linkedin.com\\\/company\\\/research-and-innovation-chair-in-animal-welfare-and-artificial-intelligence-well-e\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Don\u2019t get in their way: How outing conditions relate to the motivation of movement-restricted cattle to access an outdoor exercise yard - WELL-E","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/en\/publication\/dont-get-in-their-way-how-outing-conditions-relate-to-the-motivation-of-movement-restricted-cattle-to-access-an-outdoor-exercise-yard\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Don\u2019t get in their way: How outing conditions relate to the motivation of movement-restricted cattle to access an outdoor exercise yard - WELL-E","og_description":"Authors: N. Aigueperse and V. Boyer and E. Vasseur Date: 2022-10-01 Status: Published View External Publication Providing regular outdoor access could represent an enrichment for movement-restricted cows; however, the characteristics of the enrichment is likely to impact their motivation. Thus, our study addressed the question of how the outing experience provided (handling, duration and space) […]","og_url":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/en\/publication\/dont-get-in-their-way-how-outing-conditions-relate-to-the-motivation-of-movement-restricted-cattle-to-access-an-outdoor-exercise-yard\/","og_site_name":"WELL-E","article_modified_time":"2026-05-02T09:41:54+00:00","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/publication\/dont-get-in-their-way-how-outing-conditions-relate-to-the-motivation-of-movement-restricted-cattle-to-access-an-outdoor-exercise-yard\/","url":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/publication\/dont-get-in-their-way-how-outing-conditions-relate-to-the-motivation-of-movement-restricted-cattle-to-access-an-outdoor-exercise-yard\/","name":"Don\u2019t get in their way: How outing conditions relate to the motivation of movement-restricted cattle to access an outdoor exercise yard - WELL-E","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/#website"},"datePublished":"2025-10-30T18:20:30+00:00","dateModified":"2026-05-02T09:41:54+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/publication\/dont-get-in-their-way-how-outing-conditions-relate-to-the-motivation-of-movement-restricted-cattle-to-access-an-outdoor-exercise-yard\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-CA","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/publication\/dont-get-in-their-way-how-outing-conditions-relate-to-the-motivation-of-movement-restricted-cattle-to-access-an-outdoor-exercise-yard\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/publication\/dont-get-in-their-way-how-outing-conditions-relate-to-the-motivation-of-movement-restricted-cattle-to-access-an-outdoor-exercise-yard\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Publications","item":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/publication\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Don\u2019t get in their way: How outing conditions relate to the motivation of movement-restricted cattle to access an outdoor exercise yard"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/#website","url":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/","name":"WELL-E","description":"IA au service du bien-être animal","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-CA"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/#organization","name":"WELL-E","url":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-CA","@id":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/LOGOTYPETAG_Left_RVB_FR-edited-1-e1718738358443.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/LOGOTYPETAG_Left_RVB_FR-edited-1-e1718738358443.png","width":1000,"height":250,"caption":"WELL-E"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/research-and-innovation-chair-in-animal-welfare-and-artificial-intelligence-well-e"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/2000","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/publication"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2000"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}