{"id":2235,"date":"2026-01-05T09:44:29","date_gmt":"2026-01-05T14:44:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/publication\/from-concept-to-practice-evaluating-environmental-enrichments-to-fulfill-behavioural-needs-in-dairy-cows-in-farm-housing-systems\/"},"modified":"2026-10-23T09:41:37","modified_gmt":"2026-10-23T13:41:37","slug":"from-concept-to-practice-evaluating-environmental-enrichments-to-fulfill-behavioural-needs-in-dairy-cows-in-farm-housing-systems","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/en\/publication\/from-concept-to-practice-evaluating-environmental-enrichments-to-fulfill-behavioural-needs-in-dairy-cows-in-farm-housing-systems\/","title":{"rendered":"From concept to practice: Evaluating environmental enrichments to fulfill behavioural needs in dairy cows in farm housing systems"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Authors:<\/strong> Sandrine Arsenault<\/p>\n<p><strong>Date:<\/strong> 2025-01-01<\/p>\n<p><strong>Status:<\/strong> Published<\/p>\n<p><strong>DOI:<\/strong> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.82308\/21984<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/mcgill.scholaris.ca\/items\/6502f91c-71b4-4130-b602-0ec04167f6f0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">View External Publication<\/a><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p>L\u2019\u00e9levage laitier moderne a permis d\u2019importants gains de productivit\u00e9, or ce progr\u00e8s s\u2019est accompagn\u00e9 de contraintes croissantes sur l\u2019expression des comportements des vaches. Avec l\u2019intensification des syst\u00e8mes de logement, les occasions de r\u00e9aliser des comportements qu\u2019elles sont intrins\u00e8quement motiv\u00e9es \u00e0 exprimer, ind\u00e9pendamment des conditions ext\u00e9rieures ou de leurs fonctions directes, se sont progressivement r\u00e9duites. Ces limitations entravent la satisfaction de besoins comportementaux essentiels au bien-\u00eatre mental et \u00e9motionnel, influen\u00e7ant ainsi le bien-\u00eatre global. L\u2019enrichissement environnemental constitue une strat\u00e9gie pratique pour r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 ces enjeux en introduisant ou en modifiant des \u00e9l\u00e9ments ou stimuli favorisant l\u2019expression de comportements sp\u00e9cifiques \u00e0 l\u2019esp\u00e8ce. Cependant, malgr\u00e9 un int\u00e9r\u00eat croissant, peu d\u2019informations existent sur la fa\u00e7on dont ces strat\u00e9gies ont \u00e9t\u00e9 appliqu\u00e9es pour combler des besoins comportementaux pr\u00e9cis chez les vaches laiti\u00e8res ou sur les m\u00e9thodes employ\u00e9es pour en \u00e9valuer l\u2019efficacit\u00e9. Une revue de la port\u00e9e (scoping review) a synth\u00e9tis\u00e9 la litt\u00e9rature existante sur l\u2019utilisation d\u2019enrichissements physiques, occupationnels et sensoriels en fermes visant \u00e0 satisfaire les besoins de maintenance, locomotion et exploration chez les vaches laiti\u00e8res, ainsi que sur les mesures employ\u00e9es pour en \u00e9valuer les effets. 136 \u00e9tudes \u00e9valu\u00e9es par les pairs ont \u00e9t\u00e9 incluses selon les lignes directrices PRISMA et une structure de classification a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9labor\u00e9e pour pallier les divergences de terminologie et de cat\u00e9gorisation observ\u00e9es. Les r\u00e9sultats ont r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 un champ de recherche restreint : la majorit\u00e9 des \u00e9tudes portaient sur les besoins de maintenance, tandis que ceux de locomotion et d\u2019exploration \u00e9taient sous-repr\u00e9sent\u00e9s. Les enrichissements physiques \u00e9taient les plus fr\u00e9quemment \u00e9tudi\u00e9es, souvent isol\u00e9ment, alors que ceux occupationnels et sensoriels recevaient moins d\u2019attention. Les donn\u00e9es comportementales \u00e9taient rarement utilis\u00e9es comme mesure unique, \u00e9tant souvent combin\u00e9es \u00e0 des mesures environnementales, physiologiques, de sant\u00e9 ou de production. L\u2019analyse a ainsi mis en \u00e9vidence un d\u00e9calage entre l\u2019objectif conceptuel de l\u2019enrichissement de r\u00e9pondre aux besoins comportementaux et la mani\u00e8re dont son efficacit\u00e9 est \u00e9valu\u00e9e. Ces strat\u00e9gies semblent davantage influenc\u00e9es par des consid\u00e9rations pratiques ou \u00e9conomiques que par des approches centr\u00e9es sur le comportement des vaches. Afin d\u2019explorer concr\u00e8tement cette lacune, une \u00e9tude exp\u00e9rimentale a \u00e9t\u00e9 men\u00e9e pour tester deux enrichissements ciblant les besoins de toilettage et de manipulation orale : un jouet KONG\u00ae et un tapis de toilettage Itchin&#039; Post. Ces objets ont \u00e9t\u00e9 compar\u00e9s \u00e0 un traitement contr\u00f4le (sans enrichissement) dans deux essais parall\u00e8les aupr\u00e8s de vaches en lactation : l\u2019un dans leur stalle et l\u2019autre dans des cours d\u2019exercice ext\u00e9rieures. Les observations issues d\u2019enregistrements vid\u00e9o ont \u00e9t\u00e9 analys\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019aide de mod\u00e8les mixtes et de statistique descriptives. Dans les deux essais, les vaches ont interagi avec les objets et ont maintenu une utilisation constante dans le temps, indiquant un int\u00e9r\u00eat soutenu au-del\u00e0 de la nouveaut\u00e9. La latence avant la premi\u00e8re interaction ne diff\u00e9rait pas entre enrichissements. Les tapis de toilettage ont principalement \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9s pour se toiletter la t\u00eate et \u00eatre renifl\u00e9s, alors que les Kongs ont surtout \u00e9t\u00e9 pouss\u00e9s ou renifl\u00e9s. Dans les cours d\u2019exercice ext\u00e9rieures, la comp\u00e9tition pour les objets \u00e9tait minimale. Bien que les enrichissements n\u2019aient pas modifi\u00e9 de fa\u00e7on marqu\u00e9e la r\u00e9partition du budget-temps, les vaches ont remplac\u00e9 de petites proportions d\u2019inactivit\u00e9, de rumination ou de repos par des interactions avec les objets. Ces r\u00e9sultats traduisent une plus grande diversit\u00e9 comportementale et davantage d\u2019opportunit\u00e9s de choix et de contr\u00f4le, ce qui est gratifiant pour les animaux. Tandis que le tapis de toilettage pr\u00e9sente un fort potentiel, d\u2019autres enrichissements devraient \u00eatre explor\u00e9s afin de mieux r\u00e9pondre au besoin de manipulation orale. Dans l\u2019ensemble, ces \u00e9tudes offrent une base solide pour le d\u00e9veloppement d\u2019approches pratiques visant l\u2019int\u00e9gration d\u2019enrichissement environnementaux dans les fermes laiti\u00e8res. Lorsqu\u2019ils permettent aux vaches de satisfaire leurs besoins comportementaux et de favoriser leur bien-\u00eatre mental et \u00e9motionnel, les enrichissements ne devraient pas \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme des ajouts facultatifs, mais comme des composantes essentielles de syst\u00e8mes de logement pourvus de suffisamment de ressources pour concilier productivit\u00e9, qualit\u00e9 de vie et bien-\u00eatre positif<\/p>","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"class_list":["post-2235","publication","type-publication","status-publish","hentry"],"blocksy_meta":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>From concept to practice: Evaluating environmental enrichments to fulfill behavioural needs in dairy cows in farm housing systems - WELL-E<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/wp.well-e.org\/en\/publication\/from-concept-to-practice-evaluating-environmental-enrichments-to-fulfill-behavioural-needs-in-dairy-cows-in-farm-housing-systems\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"From concept to practice: Evaluating environmental enrichments to fulfill behavioural needs in dairy cows in farm housing systems - WELL-E\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Authors: Sandrine Arsenault Date: 2025-01-01 Status: Published DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.82308\/21984 View External Publication L\u2019\u00e9levage laitier moderne a permis d\u2019importants gains de productivit\u00e9, or ce progr\u00e8s s\u2019est accompagn\u00e9 de contraintes croissantes sur l\u2019expression des comportements des vaches. 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